PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.